The geomorphological and climatic diversity of the greater Sarajevo area, particularly in regions where natural soils have been preserved, determines the choice of species when replacing existing trees or introducing new plantings. Potential vegetation in most of the Sarajevo Canton, encompassing hilly and mountainous areas as well as the upper terraces of the Miljacka River, consists of climate zone communities of sessile oak and hornbeam (Quercus-Carpinetum). Within these communities, in the alluvial plains of the Miljacka, Bosna, and Željeznica Rivers, habitats of pedunculate oak and hornbeam (Carpino betuli-Quercetum roboris) and recent fluvisols host habitats of willows and poplars (Salicetum and Populetum).

On warmer exposures and limestone substrates, communities such as Carpinetum orientalis and Quercus-Ostryetum carpinifoliae are present. At higher altitudes, in northern and colder positions, habitats of beech (Luzulo-Fagetum) dominate, along with warmer stands of sessile oak (Quercetum petraeae montanum). The phytocenological features of the Sarajevo Canton largely dictate the adaptability of taxa introduced into urban settings. In areas where natural soils are not preserved, it is essential to analyze and create appropriate conditions. For example, changes in hydrological regimes of natural soils can enable the planting of trees in locations where groundwater was previously higher.